Impact of dramas in society

It is beyond to doubt that drama is a kind of literature, which exposes the circumstances and truth of society but now a day that I have been observing that dramas keep the worst influence. The worst dramas that have been a bad impact on society, traditions, culture and ethics. And how it has damage the minds of people? How it destroys culture and society? As for as Pakistani drama are concerned, there was a standard from the beginning The eternal, perpetual dramas, people who still remember. But over the last twenty years in the Pakistani drama’s industry has changed a lot. The word “drama” was derived from the Greek word “dran” which means “do an act” and it was used in the early 16th century. And the real purpose of dramas was to improve the characters, build confidence and entertain viewers. But sad to say that its the purpose to give amusement to viewers, entertain to viewers is no more exist in dramas except business and diverting people toward the dark. The Pakistani drama industry does not know, it is unknown to the reality that what will impact this in society, on culture, traditions, and ethics. There are many dramas in which morality has been violated. And every drama brings a new way of committing the crime. And you know, that in drama smoking, drinking and other toxic drugs are common. Drama industry has no any knowledge of greater impacts on little children and the young generation, and in dramas often shown that how a girl from a strict family without telling her parents that she can run her affairs secretly and how without informed to her family can go in parties. And not only that but much more, that one girl/boy can keep affairs and how to handle more than one affairs at a time. And how to make someone else responsible for saving yourself and by using necromancy (black magic) how can our desires be fulfilled, how to kidnapping, how to murder, these all things teach us by dramas and movies. The shameless thing is that the rapist is also the hero in some dramas and movies, so this drama has a great impact on our psychologically, mentally and morally Whenever we talk about suicide cases and rape cases in the country it happens due to these types of nonsense dramas. that are dramas that teach, how to convince parents by blackmailing and committing suicide. drama viewers children, women, young and elder are all very much influenced by the characters and story shown in the dramas. they connect their emotions with dramas and movies. There are two types of viewers. 1 just watcher. 2 deep watcher As far as we talk about "just viewers/watchers, it take to dramas just for entertainment and just a fiction not real, but deep watcher are those who takes it seriously and attach its feeling and emotions with dramas and he deadly believes in dramas and connects it's real-life with a central character of that drama or movie. He adopts its methods and manners. In the same way, like that drama, there come ups and downs in his real life. A little child looks, it’s around here and here, it sees what is happening around him. He observed in the atmosphere and acquire good and bad from family as well as from society. When he grows up, enhances his interest in movies, dramas, and cartoon. There he sees unethical habits and adopts them. The adolescent is the age in which character build and self-confident is formed and people in this age can understand from books neither from anyone’s advice nor from what anyone has said. But they just react to what they are seeing in movies, in dramas, in society. They copy by watching other people doing right or wrong. The thing that plays a vital role in its life is modeling means doing, acting, reacting, and behaving by watching others, that may be in its family members, that may be in society or on TV. They learn how to eat, how to behave with elders and younger only by watching peoples. If someone’s child is rude to someone that doesn’t mean that he is rude by birth. NO! Remember that by birth no one born rude or behavior. It was taught by its family, society, or by dramas and movies. He learns all the things from family, society and TV, and he accepts all that manner and methods. In this way they have selected their role model by watching them, they can be teachers, parents, and TV actors, etc. The essential thing is that self-esteem is more influenced, it getting low. These dramas are promoting immorality and causing a lot of problems like suicide cases, depressing cases and raping cases, etc. This is all arising due to unethical dramas. You are well known than me that what is actually playing on the Pakistani TV channel. These Pakistani unethical, reprobate and licentious dramas are completely destroying people educationally, culturally, ethically, morally, traditionally, and psychologically. These Pakistani dramas lead not toward education but only toward the illegal and sinful activities. This, you can see in a lot of dramas like “band khirkiyon ke pechhy”, as this drama has nonsense name so are the scenes also unethical/ unconscionable. You can imagine what will be in this drama just reading its name (band khirkiyon ke pechhy). You may have seen American seasons like “Revenge”, “Private” “Practice” and “Desperate Housewives”, this drama is also inspired by them. We know that these things are common for Americans, it’s their culture but not ours, it’s not Pakistani culture and the Pakistani drama industry has need know this, that this is Pakistan, not America here we have different culture and traditions as compare to British and America. Similarly, another drama (Rishtay Udoray) in which how traditions blew up and here now come new extender version of rishtay udoray, in which a sister falls in love with his brother in law and get pregnant without marriage (illegitimate child). What is a good message from this type of drama to viewers? No any limit to shamelessness in this drama and you may have heard about this nonsense drama named “ kitni Girhain Baaki hain.” In this drama same-gender attach to same-gender (lesbian; a gay woman), they show their feeling for the same gender. One girl is attached to another girl, she shows her feeling but not for a boy but for a girl. Now, these nonsense dramas attract people toward sin and vulgarity, and you surely heard another unethical drama “Chup Raho”. there was great repetition on it, not to play it on the TV screen, but still, it was played on TV channel. All in 28 episodes this unethical and nonsense thing showed again and again. The theme was like this that a brother in law ferociously abuses his sister in law and keep on illegal relationships with his sister in law. What is this? What this all happening in dramas even in Pakistani? Is this Pakistani culture? How do they want to convey a good message to the viewers? What do they want to teach to society through these dramas? Let’s suppose, if they punish him in the last 5-10 minutes in the ending of dramas then what positive message they left for the viewer because the viewer has still that thought which is shown in beginning, the viewer has noticed starting scene not ending. I don’t think that he will get any positive message from this drama except sinful. Just because of these dramas, there arise many cases of these types in real life like abuses with little innocent girls, with maiden and women. Every year we hear many cases that someone is viciously wronged with someone and murdered. God’s sake promotes good dramas ( with good purpose which at least entertain someone) but don’t play these abusive plays on the Pakistani TV channel. Play those plays(dramas) which show a positive image for society and can be seen with family. And here is this same thing repeated in another drama “Dil Ruba”. this drama is also full of shameless scenes Now here comes the father racist dramas named “Udaari”. You may have seen a lot of widow women whose daughters are growing up or may be grown up and many offers have given to her for remarriage. She thinks that she and her daughters have no any supporter and that’s why she finally accepts that offer and ready to remarry. In some cases happened like this that the man who marries with the widow is not interested in her but interested in her daughters. I am not saying that all are the same and it happens with everyone. No! But in rare cases, these issues arise just by watching these nonsense dramas. Many daughters being brutally hunted by their step-father. In the same way, these types of scenes and stories happened in this drama “Udaari”. this drama has crossed the boundary of immorality, unethical, vice, and wicked. My words fall short while describing it, my words do not accompany me in telling it. I have run out of words. The drama has a very shameless and violated theme. It has altogether destroyed ethics and it has mentally demolishing message for the viewers. You may have seen/ heard about this drama that a father has a bad eye on his step daughter and once he has raped her. These dramas “Udaari”, “Chup Raho”, “Jalan”, “Ishqiya”, “Deewangi” and “Pyar ke sadqay” put the concept in mind to commit crime. Otherwise, by birth, no one is born with criminal thought. By Raimal Raja Kolhi

How to improve your English language skills?

When we talk about improving English what exactly do we mean? Is it enhancing your vocabulary, learning new phrases and idioms, understanding grammar, improving your comprehension, identifying common errors, working on translation skills, understanding analogies, getting grip on punctuation, learning how tenses are structured and how they are “used”, knowing about sentence structures? Yes, all of these and a lot more. It’s a complete package and there’s no overnight, sauna-belt solution to this English conundrum. All these things plus “style”. Let me interject this piece here with some words on style and we will revert to basics later. Style, in my opinion, is most commonly ignored while teaching English and students are also not cognizant of this fact that what separates men from boys is style and expression -- you may have some excellent thoughts in your head but the way you express them makes all the difference. What makes an ordinary chef a master chef? 

Among other things, style and presentation. Find your voice, your style of writing and practice it to perfection. Be so good they can’t ignore you. But what is style? Have something to say, and say it as clearly as you can. That is the only secret of style. There are many things that make writing interesting and hard to ignore but, for me, the most important of them is how you structure your sentences. An excerpt from the internet is pertinent here: Think about how primary-school children write: it’s all short sentences. I got up at seven this morning. Then I had some breakfast. Then I walked to school. Then I had Maths. I don’t like Maths. Then I had English. That was better… no wonder most people get the idea at that age that long sentences are good, and short sentences are bad. When we pause to think about it, we know it isn’t true, and yet it’s still a practice that we slip into: trying to make our writing sound better by making our sentences longer. Had that primary-school child been a more skilled writer, they might have written: “I got up at seven this morning. After I had some breakfast, I walked to school. I had Maths, which I don’t like, then English. That was better.” Two of the sentences are still just as short as in the original, while the rest are longer – and it’s the variety that makes it so much more readable. Remember Varied sentences good, long sentences bad. You do not create a style. You work, and develop yourself; your style is an emanation from your own being. Work on yourself first and let’s start from the basics to find your own voice in the later stages of development. To the basics, we return. Get a firm grip on grammar – a grip so firm that your thoughts are automatically articulated into sentences of your liking and structures of your choice. Know that there are four basic structures of English sentences and you must know how to use them. So, do you know your way around verb tenses, grammar and punctuation and can avoid the common pitfalls? Congratulations, you have qualified to be an “aspirant”. To become an officer now you need to polish your skills with toil, tears and sweat. You read a newspaper and don’t understand what’s going on? There are certain words you haven’t heard before, a certain phrase perhaps? Make a diary and start writing new words with their Urdu and English meanings, identify which part of speech they belong to — noun, verb, adjective et al.— and use the word in a sentence or rewrite the sentence you have just read from the newspaper or book. We need practical vocabulary and there is no need to learn those SAT or GRE words. I never did. Just used the technique mentioned above and built a sizable lexicon for myself that is practical and usable. What to observe while reading? Don’t just look for new words; rather, observe the sentence structures, order of words, identify parts of speech, see how paragraphs are constructed, and check the coherence and clarity of thought. There’s much to observe, learn and imitate. Read good authors and imitate their style. Read a thousand books and your words will flow like a river. You have to read good to write good. There is no alternative to this. Whoever tells you otherwise is selling something—maybe his notes. RAIMAL RAJA

reduced syllabus of XII

Most important book in Vedic Dharm or Sanatan Charm or Hinduism

The most popular among the Aryan religions is Hinduism. ‘Hindu’ is actually a Persian word that stands for the inhabitants of the region beyond the Indus Valley. However, in common parlance, Hinduism is a blanket term for an assortment of religious beliefs, most of which are based on the Vedas, the Upanishads and the Bhagavad Gita.
II INTRODUCTION TO HINDU SCRIPTURES.

 There are several sacred scriptures of the Hindus. Among these are the Vedas, Upanishads and the Puranas.
1.  
VEDAS: 

1. The word Veda is derived from vid which means to know, knowledge par excellence or sacred wisdom. There are four principal divisions of the Vedas (although according to their number, they amount to 1131 out of which about a dozen are available). According to Maha Bhashya of Patanjali, there are 21 branches of Rigveda, 9 types of Atharvaveda, 101 branches of Yajurveda and 1000 of Samveda).
    
2. The Rigveda, the Yajurveda and the Samveda are considered to be more ancient books and are known as Trai Viddya or the ‘Triple Sciences’. The Rigveda is the oldest and has been compiled in three long and different periods of time. The 4th Veda is the Atharvaveda, which is of a later date.
    
3. There is no unanimous opinion regarding the date of compilation or revelation of the four Vedas. According to Swami Dayanand, founder of the Arya Samaj, the Vedas were revealed 1310 million years ago. According to other scholars, they are not more than 4000 years old.
4. Similarly, there are differing opinions regarding the places where these books were compiled and the Rishis to whom these Scriptures were given. Inspite of these differences, the Vedas are considered to be the most authentic of the Hindu Scriptures and the real foundations of the Hindu Dharma.

2.  

UPANISHADS:

 

1. The word 'Upanishad' is derived from Upa meaning near, Ni which means down and Shad means to sit. Therefore ‘Upanishad’ means sitting down near. Groups of pupils sit near the teacher to learn from him the secret doctrines.
   
   According to Samkara, ‘Upanishad’ is derived from the root word Sad which means ‘to loosen’, ‘to reach’ or ‘to destroy’, with Upa and ni as prefix; therefore ‘Upanishad’ means Brahma-Knowledge by which ignorance is loosened or destroyed.
2. The number of Upanishads exceeds 200 though the Indian tradition puts it at 108. There are 10 principal Upanishads. However, some consider them to be more than 10, while others 18.
3. The Vedanta meant originally the Upanishads, though the word is now used for the system of philosophy based on the Upanishad. Literally, Vedanta means the end of the Veda, Vedasua-antah, and the conclusion as well as the goal of Vedas. The Upanishads are the concluding portion of the Vedas and chronologically they come at the end of the Vedic period.
4. Some Pundits consider the Upanishads to be more superior to the Vedas.

3.  

PURANAS:

 

Next in order of authenticity are the Puranas which are the most widely read scriptures. It is believed that the Puranas contain the history of the creation of the universe, history of the early Aryan tribes, life stories of the divines and deities of the Hindus. It is also believed that the Puranas are revealed books like the Vedas, which were revealed simultaneously with the Vedas or sometime close to it.

Maharishi Vyasa has divided the Puranas into 18 voluminous parts. He also arranged the Vedas under various heads.

Chief among the Puranas is a book known as Bhavishya Purana. It is called so because it is believed to give an account of future events. The Hindus consider it to be the word of God. Maharishi yasa is considered to be just the compiler of the book.

4.  

ITIHAAS:

 

The two epics of Hinduism are the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.

A. Ramayana:

According to Ramanuja, the great scholar of Ramayana, there are more than 300 different types of Ramayana: Tulsidas Ramayana, Kumbha Ramayana. Though the outline of Ramayana is same, the details and contents differ.

Valmiki’s Ramayana:

Unlike the Mahabharata, the Ramayana appears to be the work of one person – the sage Valmiki, who probably composed it in the 3rd century BC. Its best-known recension (by Tulsi Das, 1532-1623) consists of 24,000 rhymed couplets of 16-syllable lines organised into 7 books. The poem incorporates many ancient legends and draws on the sacred books of the Vedas. It describes the efforts of Kosala’s heir, Rama, to regain his throne and rescue his wife, Sita, from the demon King of Lanka.

Valmiki's Ramayana is a Hindu epic tradition whose earliest literary version is a Sanskrit poem attributed to the sage Valmiki. Its principal characters are said to present ideal models of personal, familial, and social behavior and hence are considered to exemplify Dharma, the principle of moral order.

B. Mahabharata:

The nucleus of the Mahabharata is the war of eighteen days fought between the Kauravas, the hundred sons of Dhritarashtra and Pandavas, the five sons of Pandu. The epic entails all the circumstances leading upto the war. Involved in this Kurukshetra battle were almost all the kings of India joining either of the two parties. The result of this war was the total annihilation of Kauravas and their party. Yudhishthira, the head of the Pandavas, became the sovereign monarch of Hastinapura. His victory is supposed to symbolise the victory of good over evil. But with the progress of years, new matters and episodes relating to the various aspects of human life, social, economic, political, moral and religious as also fragments of other heroic legends came to be added to the aforesaid nucleus and this phenomenon continued for centuries until it acquired the present shape. The Mahabharata represents a whole literature rather than one single and unified work, and contains many multifarious things.

C. Bhagavad Gita:

Bhagavad Gita is a part of Mahabharata. It is the advice given by Krishna to Arjun on the battlefield of Kurukshetra. It contains the essence of the Vedas and is the most popular of all the Hindu Scriptures. It contains 18 chapters.

The Bhagavad Gita is one of the most widely read and revered of the works sacred to the Hindus. It is their chief devotional book, and has been for centuries the principal source of religious inspiration for many thousands of Hindus.

The Gita is a dramatic poem, which forms a small part of the larger epic, the Mahabharata. It is included in the sixth book (Bhismaparvan) of the Mahabaharata and documents one tiny event in a huge epic tale.

The Bhagavad Gita tells a story of a moral crisis faced by Arjuna, which is solved through the interaction between Arjuna, a Pandava warrior hesitating before battle, and Krishna, his charioteer and teacher. The Bhagavad Gita relates a brief incident in the main story of a rivalry and eventually a war between two branches of a royal family. In that brief incident - a pause on the battlefield just as the battle is about to begin - Krishna, one chief on one side (also believed to be the Lord incarnate), is presented as responding to the doubts of Arjuna. The poem is the dialogue through which Arjuna’s doubts were resolved by Krishna’s teachings.
 

Ranks of pak forces Army vs Air Force vs navy

Ranks, BPS Comparison of Pakistan Army, Navy and PAF

The following is a list of the ranks, insignia (badges) and BPS Pay Scales of the personnel of Pakistan Army, Navy and Air Force.

Commissioned Officers Ranks

Officer rank badges are displayed on the shoulders.

BPS	Pakistan Army	Pakistan Air Force (PAF)	Pakistan Navy
BPS Apex	Field Marshal (5 Star) (it was only awarded to Field Marshal Ayub Khan)	Marshal of the Air Force (5 Star) (never awarded)	Admiral of the Fleet (5 Star) (never awarded)
BPS Apex	General (Gen) (4 Star)	Air Chief Marshal (ACM) (4 Star)	Admiral (Adm) (4 Star)
BPS-22	Lieutenant General (Lt Gen) (3 Star)	Air Marshal (AM) (3 Star)	Vice Admiral (V Adm) (3 Star)
BPS-21	Major General (Maj Gen) (2 Star)	Air Vice Marshal (AVM) (2 Star)	Rear Admiral (R Adm) (2 Star)
BPS-20	Brigadier (Brig) (1 Star)	Air Commodore (Air Cdre) (1 Star)	Commodore (Cdre) (1 Star)
BPS-19	Colonel (Col)	Group Captain (Gp Capt)	Captain (Capt)
BPS-19	Lieutenant Colonel (Lt Col)	Wing Commander (Wg Cdr)	Commander (Cdr)
BPS-18	Major (Maj)	Squadron Leader (Sqn Ldr)	Lieutenant Commander (Lt Cdr)
BPS-17	Captain (Capt)	Flight Lieutenant (Flt Lt)	Lieutenant (Lt)
BPS-17	Lieutenant (Lt)	Flying Officer (Flg Off)	Sub Lieutenant (S/Lt)
BPS-17	Second Lieutenant (2nd Lt)	Pilot Officer (Plt Off)	Midshipman

Junior Commissioned Officers (JCOs) Ranks

JCOs also wear ranks on the shoulders of uniform.

	Pakistan Army	Pakistan Air Force	Pakistan Navy
BPS-16	Subedar Major	Chief Warrant Officer	Master Chief Petty Officer
BPS-15	Subedar	Warrant Officer	Fleet Chief Petty Officer
BPS-14	Naib Subedar	Assistant Warrant Officer	Chief Petty Officer

Non Commissioned Officers (NCOs) Ranks

The Non Commissioned Officers rank badges are displayed on arm sleeves.

	Pakistan Army	Pakistan Air Force	Pakistan Navy
BPS-13	Battalion Havildar Major	Chief Technician	Petty Officer
BPS-12	Battalion Quartermaster Havildar	Senior Technician
BPS-11	Company Havildar Major	Corporal Technician	Leading Rate
BPS-10	Company Quartermaster Havildar	Junior Technician
BPS-9	Havildar	Senior Aircraftman	Able Seaman
BPS-8	Lance Havildar	Leading Aircraftman
BPS-8	Naik (Nk)
BPS-7	Lance Naik	Aircraftman	Ordinary Rate
BPS-7	Soldier

All the information given here collected from different online resources including official websites of these three forces. However if anybody found any error or omission in this post, please write it in comments.

Karl.marx

 KARL MARX AND FREDRICK ENGELS

ڪارل مارڪس ۽ فريڊرڪ اينگلز

THE MANIFESTO OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY 

ڪميونسٽ پارٽي جو پڌرنامو

1848

ترجمو : انور پنهور

”هي پڌرنامو تمام گهڻي صفائي ۽ چٽائي سان نئين عالمي نظريي جو

خاڪو پيش ڪري ٿو. بااصول ماديت جو، جيڪو سماجي زندگي جي

دائري تي به حاوي آهي، جدليات جو، جيڪو ارتقا جو سڀ کان جامع ۽

گهرو نظريو آهي، طبقاتي جدوجهد ۽ هن صنعتي پورهيت (پرولتاري)

جي عالمگير تاريخي انقالبي ڪردار جي نظريي جو، جيڪو جيڪو

هڪ نئين ڪميونسٽ سماج جو خالق آهي“.(

لينن)

1
KARL MARX AND FREDRICK ENGELS
ڪارل مارڪس ۽ فريڊرڪ اينگلز
THE MANIFESTO OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY
ڪميونسٽ پارٽي جو پڌرنامو
1848
ترجمو : انور پنهور
”هي پڌرنامو تمام گهڻي صفائي ۽ چٽائي سان نئين عالمي نظريي جو
خاڪو پيش ڪري ٿو. بااصول ماديت جو، جيڪو سماجي زندگي جي
دائري تي به حاوي آهي، جدليات جو، جيڪو ارتقا جو سڀ کان جامع ۽
گهرو نظريو آهي، طبقاتي جدوجهد ۽ هن صنعتي پورهيت )پرولتاري(
جي عالمگير تاريخي انقالبي ڪردار جي نظريي جو، جيڪو جيڪو
هڪ نئين ڪميونسٽ سماج جو خالق آهي“. )لينن(